一、pom.xml需要引入的依赖
二、项目开启熔断器开关
2.1 注解方式
2.2 xml方式
三、依赖类缺失问题
四、版本匹配安全检查问题
五、测试验证
六、结论
一、pom.xml需要引入的依赖
pom.xml
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-parent
2.6.7
org.springframework.cloud
spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix
2.2.10.RELEASE
org.hdrhistogram
HdrHistogram
2.1.12
二、项目开启熔断器开关
2.1 注解方式
@EnableHystrix
@EnableCircuitBreaker
注：项目启动类中加上以上注解，以上两者取其一即可；
2.2 xml方式
以上注解方式底层就是实例化此类：
三、依赖类缺失问题
此时运行项目将报以下错误：
errpr.log
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IDEA 2021.3libidea_rt.jar" com.example.springbootdame.PersonalAssistantApplication
Connect服务器托管网ed to the target VM, address: '127.0.0.1:55698', transport: 'socket'
2024-01-16 15:44:01.575 [al-service] [main] WARN [org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext] -Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'configurationPropertiesBeans' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/cloud/autoconfigure/ConfigurationPropertiesRebinderAutoConfiguration.class]: Post-processing of merged bean definition failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to introspect Class [org.springframework.cloud.context.properties.ConfigurationPropertiesBeans] from ClassLoader [sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader@18b4aac2]
2024-01-16 15:44:01.581 [al-service] [main] INFO [org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.logging.ConditionEvaluationReportLoggingListener] -
Error starting Applic服务器托管网ationContext. To display the conditions report re-run your application with 'debug' enabled.
2024-01-16 15:44:01.603 [al-service] [main] ERROR [org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication] -Application run failed
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'configurationPropertiesBeans' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/cloud/autoconfigure/ConfigurationPropertiesRebinderAutoConfiguration.class]: Post-processing of merged bean definition failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to introspect Class [org.springframework.cloud.context.properties.ConfigurationPropertiesBeans] from ClassLoader [sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader@18b4aac2]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:597)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:542)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:335)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:333)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:213)
at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.registerBeanPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:270)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.registerBeanPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:762)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:567)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:740)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:415)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:303)
at org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder.run(SpringApplicationBuilder.java:164)
at org.springframework.cloud.bootstrap.BootstrapApplicationListener.bootstrapServiceContext(BootstrapApplicationListener.java:212)
at org.springframework.cloud.bootstrap.BootstrapApplicationListener.onApplicationEvent(BootstrapApplicationListener.java:117)
at org.springframework.cloud.bootstrap.BootstrapApplicationListener.onApplicationEvent(BootstrapApplicationListener.java:74)
at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.doInvokeListener(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:176)
at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.invokeListener(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:169)
at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.multicastEvent(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:143)
at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.multicastEvent(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:131)
at org.springframework.boot.context.event.EventPublishingRunListener.environmentPrepared(EventPublishingRunListener.java:85)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListeners.lambda$environmentPrepared$2(SpringApplicationRunListeners.java:66)
at java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1257)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListeners.doWithListeners(SpringApplicationRunListeners.java:120)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListeners.doWithListeners(SpringApplicationRunListeners.java:114)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListeners.environmentPrepared(SpringApplicationRunListeners.java:65)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.prepareEnvironment(SpringApplication.java:339)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:297)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1312)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1301)
at com.example.springbootdame.PersonalAssistantApplication.main(PersonalAssistantApplication.java:12)
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to introspect Class [org.springframework.cloud.context.properties.ConfigurationPropertiesBeans] from ClassLoader [sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader@18b4aac2]
at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.getDeclaredMethods(ReflectionUtils.java:485)
at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.doWithLocalMethods(ReflectionUtils.java:321)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.buildLifecycleMetadata(InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:232)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.findLifecycleMetadata(InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:210)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessMergedBeanDefinition(InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:149)
at org.springframework.context.annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessMergedBeanDefinition(CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:305)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1116)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:594)
... 30 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/boot/context/properties/ConfigurationBeanFactoryMetadata
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2701)
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods(Class.java:1975)
at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.getDeclaredMethods(ReflectionUtils.java:467)
... 37 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationBeanFactoryMetadata
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:382)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:349)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
... 41 common frames omitted
2024-01-16 15:44:01.606 [al-service] [main] ERROR [org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication] -Application run failed
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'configurationPropertiesBeans' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/cloud/autoconfigure/ConfigurationPropertiesRebinderAutoConfiguration.class]: Post-processing of merged bean definition failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to introspect Class [org.springframework.cloud.context.properties.ConfigurationPropertiesBeans] from ClassLoader [sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader@18b4aac2]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:597)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:542)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:335)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:333)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:213)
at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.registerBeanPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:270)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.registerBeanPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:762)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:567)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:740)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:415)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:303)
at org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder.run(SpringApplicationBuilder.java:164)
at org.springframework.cloud.bootstrap.BootstrapApplicationListener.bootstrapServiceContext(BootstrapApplicationListener.java:212)
at org.springframework.cloud.bootstrap.BootstrapApplicationListener.onApplicationEvent(BootstrapApplicationListener.java:117)
at org.springframework.cloud.bootstrap.BootstrapApplicationListener.onApplicationEvent(BootstrapApplicationListener.java:74)
at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.doInvokeListener(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:176)
at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.invokeListener(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:169)
at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.multicastEvent(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:143)
at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.multicastEvent(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:131)
at org.springframework.boot.context.event.EventPublishingRunListener.environmentPrepared(EventPublishingRunListener.java:85)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListeners.lambda$environmentPrepared$2(SpringApplicationRunListeners.java:66)
at java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1257)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListeners.doWithListeners(SpringApplicationRunListeners.java:120)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListeners.doWithListeners(SpringApplicationRunListeners.java:114)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListeners.environmentPrepared(SpringApplicationRunListeners.java:65)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.prepareEnvironment(SpringApplication.java:339)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:297)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1312)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1301)
at com.example.springbootdame.PersonalAssistantApplication.main(PersonalAssistantApplication.java:12)
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to introspect Class [org.springframework.cloud.context.properties.ConfigurationPropertiesBeans] from ClassLoader [sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader@18b4aac2]
at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.getDeclaredMethods(ReflectionUtils.java:485)
at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.doWithLocalMethods(ReflectionUtils.java:321)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.buildLifecycleMetadata(InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:232)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.findLifecycleMetadata(InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:210)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessMergedBeanDefinition(InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:149)
at org.springframework.context.annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessMergedBeanDefinition(CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:305)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1116)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:594)
... 30 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/boot/context/properties/ConfigurationBeanFactoryMetadata
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2701)
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods(Class.java:1975)
at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.getDeclaredMethods(ReflectionUtils.java:467)
... 37 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationBeanFactoryMetadata
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:382)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:349)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
... 41 common frames omitted
Disconnected from the target VM, address: '127.0.0.1:55698', transport: 'socket'
Process finished with exit code 1报错原因是缺失特定路径下的类org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationBeanFactoryMetadata，如下所示:
需要解决此问题，自定义此类即可,注意一定要定义成框架所需的包路径（package org.springframework.boot.context.properties;）：
ConfigurationBeanFactoryMetadata.java
package org.springframework.boot.context.properties;
import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanDefinition;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanFactoryPostProcessor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.ConfigurableListableBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionRegistry;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.support.GenericBeanDefinition;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.support.RootBeanDefinition;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.AnnotationUtils;
import org.springframework.util.ClassUtils;
import org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils;
import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
/**
* @Author: mingming.chen
* @Date: 2024/1/15 14 26
* @Description:
**/
public class ConfigurationBeanFactoryMetadata implements BeanFactoryPostProcessor {
private ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory;
private Map beans = new HashMap();
@Override
public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory)
throws BeansException {
this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
for (String name : beanFactory.getBeanDefinitionNames()) {
BeanDefinition definition = beanFactory.getBeanDefinition(name);
String method = definition.getFactoryMethodName();
String bean = definition.getFactoryBeanName();
if (method != null && bean != null) {
this.beans.put(name, new MetaData(bean, method));
}
}
}
public Map getBeansWithFactoryAnnotation(
Class type) {
Map result = new HashMap();
for (String name : this.beans.keySet()) {
if (findFactoryAnnotation(name, type) != null) {
result.put(name, this.beanFactory.getBean(name));
}
}
return result;
}
public A findFactoryAnnotation(String beanName,
Class type) {
Method method = findFactoryMethod(beanName);
return (method == null ? null : AnnotationUtils.findAnnotation(method, type));
}
private Method findFactoryMethod(String beanName) {
if (!this.beans.containsKey(beanName)) {
return null;
}
final AtomicReference found = new AtomicReference(null);
MetaData meta = this.beans.get(beanName);
final String factory = meta.getMethod();
Class> type = this.beanFactory.getType(meta.getBean());
ReflectionUtils.doWithMethods(type, new ReflectionUtils.MethodCallback() {
@Override
public void doWith(Method method)
throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException {
if (method.getName().equals(factory)) {
found.compareAndSet(null, method);
}
}
});
return found.get();
}
private static class MetaData {
private String bean;
private String method;
MetaData(String bean, String method) {
this.bean = bean;
this.method = method;
}
public String getBean() {
return this.bean;
}
public String getMethod() {
return this.method;
}
}
}四、版本匹配安全检查问题
此时，同样启动项目，报以下错误，并中断进程：
如上所示，由于spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix 2021年后不更新，此依赖包对应的springCloud版本和springboot版本不匹配，会报版本不匹配异常，需要禁用安全检查功能，如下配置在application.yml文件中：
spring:
cloud:
compatibility-verifier:
enabled: false
检查配置说明：
兼容性验证器是Spring Cloud框架中的一个功能，用于确保所使用的Spring Boot版本与Spring Cloud版本兼容。当Spring Boot版本与Spring Cloud版本不兼容时，可能会导致应用程序在运行时出现问题。
在上述代码中，cloud.compatibility-verifier.enabled属性被设置为false，意味着禁用了兼容性验证器。这意味着应用程序将不再执行Spring Boot与Spring Cloud版本的兼容性检查。
禁用兼容性验证器可能会导致以下问题：
- 不兼容的Spring Boot和Spring Cloud版本可能导致应用程序在运行时出现错误或异常。
- 可能会错过一些Spring Cloud提供的新功能或修复的问题。
因此，在禁用兼容性验证器之前，应该确保所使用的Spring Boot版本与Spring Cloud版本兼容，并且了解可能的风险和影响。
五、测试验证
- 熔断；
- 降级；
- 线程池隔离：并发数超过设置线程池个数请求进行降级；
六、结论
完成以上前四步即可在springboot2.6.x和2.7.x使用hystrix组件。
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