自动化测试当中的三大设计技巧：PO设计思想，数据驱动及关键字驱动

from selenium import webdriver
import time
import unittest


class TestSeach(unittest.TestCase):

    def testSeachPage(self):
        
        # ======测试基础数据===================
        url = "http://www.baidu.com"
        # 搜索输入框
        search_input = {"id": "kw"}
        # 百度一下 按钮
        search_button = {"id": "su"}
        # ======测试基础数据===================

        # ======定位元素,操作元素以及断言=================================

        # 启动WebDriver，地址填写本地下载的WebDriver的路径
        driver = webdriver.Chrome("/Users/yangzi/Downloads/chromedriver")

        # 访问百度
        driver.get(url)
        # 定位元素，并进行相应操作
        driver.find_element("id", search_input["id"]).send_keys("测试开发学习路线通关大厂")
        driver.find_element("id", search_button["id"]).click()

        # 断言 (仅演示，下面的语句断言结果永为真) 
        # assertEqual()为unittest内置方法
        self.assertEqual(url, "http://www.baidu.com", msg="input url error!")

        # 睡眠5秒
        time.sleep(5)
        # 释放资源, 退出浏览器
        driver.quit()

        # ======定位元素,操作元素以及断言 ============================


if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

# page基类
class Page(object):
    """
        Page基类，所有页面page都应该继承该类
    """

    def __init__(self, driver, base_url="https://www.baidu.com"):
        self.driver = driver
        self.base_url = base_url

    def find_element(self, *loc):
        return self.driver.find_element(*loc)

    def get_attribute(self, attribute, loc):
        return self.find_element(*loc).get_attribute(attribute)

    def input_text(self, loc, text):
        self.find_element(*loc).send_keys(text)

    def click(self, loc):
        self.find_element(*loc).click()

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from BasePage import Page


# 百度搜索page
class SearchPage(Page):
    # 百度搜索页面的元素信息(定位元素的方式，以及对应的值)

    # 搜索输入框 元素
    search_input = (By.ID, 'kw')
    # 百度一下按钮 元素
    search_button = (By.ID, 'su')
    # 百度热搜 元素
    hot_search = (By.XPATH, '//*[@id="1"]/div/div/div[1]')

    def __init__(self, driver, base_url="https://www.baidu.com"):
        Page.__init__(self, driver, base_url)

    def openBaiduHomePage(self):
        print("打开首页: ", self.base_url)
        self.driver.get(self.base_url)

    def input_search_text(self, text="testerGuie"):
        print("输入搜索关键字：测试开发Guide")
        self.input_text(self.search_input, text)

    def click_search_btn(self):
        print("点击 百度一下  按钮")
        self.click(self.search_button)

    def get_hot_search_title(self):
        return self.get_attribute("title",self.hot_search)

import unittest
from selenium import webdriver
from SearchPage import SearchPage


# 百度搜索测试
class TestSearchPage(unittest.TestCase):

    def setUp(self):
    	# webdriver的path请修改为自己本地路径
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome("/Users/yangzi/Downloads/chromedriver")

    def testSearch(self):
        driver = self.driver
        driver.implicitly_wait(10)
        
        # 百度网址
        url = "https://www.baidu.com"
        # 搜索文本
        text = "测试开发进大厂"

        # 断言，期望验证的标题
        assert_title = "百度热搜"

        search_Page = SearchPage(driver, url)

        # 启动浏览器，访问百度首页
        search_Page.openBaiduHomePage()
        
        # 输入 搜索词
        search_Page.input_search_text(text)

        # 单击 百度一下 按钮进行搜索
        search_Page.click_search_btn()

        # 验证标题
        self.assertEqual(search_Page.get_hot_search_title(), assert_title)

    def tearDown(self):
        self.driver.quit()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

import json

def readJSON(filename):

    with open(file=filename, mode="r", encoding="UTF-8") as f:
        res=json.load(f)
    return res

if __name__ == '__main__':

    searchPageTestData = readJSON("../Case/searchPage.json")
    print(searchPageTestData["search"]["search_url"],searchPageTestData["search"]["search_text"],searchPageTestData["search"]["assert_title"])

import xlrd


# 读取行
def readExcelByRow():
    lists = []
    book = xlrd.open_workbook("../Case/searchPage.xls")  # 打开Excel文件，存在book里(不用一定叫book，改成别的名字也可以，但是要记得下面一行的book也要替换)
    sheet = book.sheet_by_index(0)  # 索引是0的是第一张表
    for item in range(1, sheet.nrows):  # 按行读取，for循环就是输出所要求的行
        lists.append(sheet.row_values(item))  # 转换为表格形式
    return lists


# 读取列
def readExcelByCol():
    lists = []
    book = xlrd.open_workbook("../Case/searchPage.xls")
    sheet = book.sheet_by_index(0)
    for item in range(1, sheet.ncols):  # 按列读取
        lists.append(sheet.col_values(item))
    return lists


if __name__ == '__main__':
    rows = readExcelByRow()
    cols = readExcelByCol()

    print("Excel文件按行遍历 rows", rows)
    print("Excel文件按列遍历 cols", cols)

import csv


def readCsvList():
    lists = []  # 新建一个列表，将要提取的数据放到这个新列表里
    with open(file="../Case/searchPage.csv", mode="r", encoding="UTF-8") as f:
        reader = csv.reader(f)  # 读取列表样式.reader()
        next(reader)            # 不读取第一行casename,search_url,search_text,assert_title
        for item in reader:
            lists.append(item)
    return lists


if __name__ == '__main__':
    res = readCsvList()
    print(res)

import yaml


def readYaml():
    with open(file="../Case/searchPage.yaml", mode="r", encoding="UTF-8") as f:
        return yaml.safe_load(f)


if __name__ == '__main__':

    searchPage = readYaml()

    print("返回数据类型", type(readYaml()))
    print(searchPage["search"]["search_url"])
    print(searchPage["search"]["search_text"])
    print(searchPage["search"]["assert_title"])

import unittest
from selenium import webdriver
from POM.SearchPage import SearchPage

from Utils.readJson import readJSON

# 百度搜索测试

class TestSearchPage(unittest.TestCase):

    def setUp(self):
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome("/Users/yangzi/Downloads/chromedriver")

    def testSearch(self):
        driver = self.driver
        driver.implicitly_wait(10)
		
		# 从Json文件获取测试case数据
        searchPageTestData = readJSON("../Case/searchPage.json")

        # 百度网址
        url = searchPageTestData["search"]["search_url"]
        # 搜索文本
        text = searchPageTestData["search"]["search_text"]

        # 断言，期望验证的标题
        assert_title = searchPageTestData["search"]["assert_title"]

        search_Page = SearchPage(driver, url)

        # 启动浏览器，访问百度首页
        search_Page.openBaiduHomePage()

        # 输入 搜索词
        search_Page.input_search_text(text)

        # 单击 百度一下 按钮进行搜索
        search_Page.click_search_btn()

        # 验证标题
        self.assertEqual(search_Page.get_hot_search_title(), assert_title)

    def tearDown(self):
        self.driver.quit()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

{
  "search": {"search_url": "https://www.baidu.com" ,"search_text": "测试开发进大厂","assert_title":"百度热搜"},
  "search_02": {"search_url": "xxxx" ,"search_text": "xxxx","assert_title":"xxxx"},
  "search_03": {"search_url": "yyyy" ,"search_text": "yyy","assert_title":"yyyy"}
}

import unittest
from selenium import webdriver
from POM.SearchPage import SearchPage

from Utils.readJson import readJSON

# 百度搜索测试



class TestSearchPage(unittest.TestCase):

    def setUp(self):
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome("/Users/yangzi/Downloads/chromedriver")

    def testSearch(self):
        driver = self.driver
        driver.implicitly_wait(10)

        searchPageTestData = readJSON("../Case/searchPage.json")

        # 百度网址
        url = searchPageTestData["search"]["search_url"]
        # 搜索文本
        text = searchPageTestData["search"]["search_text"]

        # 断言，期望验证的标题
        assert_title = searchPageTestData["search"]["assert_title"]

        search_Page = SearchPage(driver, url)

        # 调用搜索关键字，完成搜索功能
        search_Page.search_keyword(text)

        # 验证标题
        self.assertEqual(search_Page.get_hot_search_title(), assert_title)

    def tearDown(self):
        self.driver.quit()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

def keyword(name=None, tags=(), types=()):
    """Decorator to set custom name, tags and argument types to keywords.

    This decorator creates ``robot_name``, ``robot_tags`` and ``robot_types``
    attributes on the decorated keyword function or method based on the
    provided arguments. Robot Framework checks them to determine the keyword's
    name, tags, and argument types, respectively.

    Name must be given as a string, tags as a list of strings, and types
    either as a dictionary mapping argument names to types or as a list
    of types mapped to arguments based on position. It is OK to specify types
    only to some arguments, and setting ``types`` to ``None`` disables type
    conversion altogether.

    If the automatic keyword discovery has been disabled with the
    :func:`library` decorator or by setting the ``ROBOT_AUTO_KEYWORDS``
    attribute to a false value, this decorator is needed to mark functions
    or methods keywords.

    Examples::

        @keyword
        def example():
            # ...

        @keyword('Login as user "${user}" with password "${password}"',
                 tags=['custom name', 'embedded arguments', 'tags'])
        def login(user, password):
            # ...

        @keyword(types={'length': int, 'case_insensitive': bool})
        def types_as_dict(length, case_insensitive):
            # ...

        @keyword(types=[int, bool])
        def types_as_list(length, case_insensitive):
            # ...

        @keyword(types=None])
        def no_conversion(length, case_insensitive=False):
            # ...
    """
    if inspect.isroutine(name):
        return keyword()(name)

    def decorator(func):
        func.robot_name = name
        func.robot_tags = tags
        func.robot_types = types
        return func

    return decorator