一、上下文
中讲节点资源监控服务(NodeResourceMonitorImpl)时只是提了下SysInfoLinux,下面我们展开讲下
SysInfoLinux是用于计算Linux系统上的资源信息的插件
二、SysInfoLinux源码
package org.apache.hadoop.util;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
import org.apache.hadoop.classification.InterfaceAudience;
import org.apache.hadoop.classification.InterfaceStability;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.ShellCommandExecutor;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
/**
* 用于计算Linux系统上的资源信息的插件
*/
@InterfaceAudience.Private
@InterfaceStability.Evolving
public class SysInfoLinux extends SysInfo {
private static final Logger LOG =
LoggerFactory.getLogger(SysInfoLinux.class);
/**
* proc的meminfo虚拟文件具有以下格式的键值
* "key:[ t]*value[ t]kB".
*/
private static final String PROCFS_MEMFILE = "/proc/meminfo";
private static final Pattern PROCFS_MEMFILE_FORMAT =
Pattern.compile("^([a-zA-Z_()]*):[ t]*([0-9]*)[ t]*(kB)?");
//我们需要meminfo中以下键的值
private static final String MEMTOTAL_STRING = "MemTotal";
private static final String SWAPTOTAL_STRING = "SwapTotal";
private static final String MEMFREE_STRING = "MemFree";
private static final String SWAPFREE_STRING = "SwapFree";
private static final String INACTIVE_STRING = "Inactive";
private static final String INACTIVEFILE_STRING = "Inactive(file)";
private static final String HARDWARECORRUPTED_STRING = "HardwareCorrupted";
private static final String HUGEPAGESTOTAL_STRING = "HugePages_Total";
private static final String HUGEPAGESIZE_STRING = "Hugepagesize";
/**
* 解析/proc/cpuinfo的样板
*/
private static final String PROCFS_CPUINFO = "/proc/cpuinfo";
private static final Pattern PROCESSOR_FORMAT =
Pattern.compile("^processor[ t]:[ t]*([0-9]*)");
private static final Pattern FREQUENCY_FORMAT =
Pattern.compile("^cpu MHz[ t]*:[ t]*([0-9.]*)");
private static final Pattern PHYSICAL_ID_FORMAT =
Pattern.compile("^physical id[ t]*:[ t]*([0-9]*)");
private static final Pattern CORE_ID_FORMAT =
Pattern.compile("^core id[ t]*:[ t]*([0-9]*)");
/**
* 解析/proc/stat的样板
*/
private static final String PROCFS_STAT = "/proc/stat";
private static final Pattern CPU_TIME_FORMAT =
Pattern.compile("^cpu[ t]*([0-9]*)" +
"[ t]*([0-9]*)[ t]*([0-9]*)[ t].*");
private CpuTimeTracker cpuTimeTracker;
/**
* 解析/proc/net/dev的样板
*/
private static final String PROCFS_NETFILE = "/proc/net/dev";
private static final Pattern PROCFS_NETFILE_FORMAT =
Pattern .compile("^[ t]*([a-zA-Z]+[0-9]*):" +
"[ t]*([0-9]+)[ t]*([0-9]+)[ t]*([0-9]+)[ t]*([0-9]+)" +
"[ t]*([0-9]+)[ t]*([0-9]+)[ t]*([0-9]+)[ t]*([0-9]+)" +
"[ t]*([0-9]+)[ t]*([0-9]+)[ t]*([0-9]+)[ t]*([0-9]+)" +
"[ t]*([0-9]+)[ t]*([0-9]+)[ t]*([0-9]+)[ t]*([0-9]+).*");
/**
* 解析/proc/diskstats的样板
*/
private static final String PROCFS_DISKSFILE = "/proc/diskstats";
private static final Pattern PROCFS_DISKSFILE_FORMAT =
Pattern.compile("^[ t]*([0-9]+)[ t]*([0-9 ]+)" +
"(?!([a-zA-Z]+[0-9]+))([a-zA-Z]+)" +
"[ t]*([0-9]+)[ t]*([0-9]+)[ t]*([0-9]+)[ t]*([0-9]+)" +
"[ t]*([0-9]+)[ t]*([0-9]+)[ t]*([0-9]+)[ t]*([0-9]+)" +
"[ t]*([0-9]+)[ t]*([0-9]+)[ t]*([0-9]+)");
/**
* 解析/sys/block/partition_name/queue/hw_sector_size的样板
*/
private static final Pattern PROCFS_DISKSECTORFILE_FORMAT =
Pattern.compile("^([0-9]+)");
private String procfsMemFile;
private String procfsCpuFile;
private String procfsStatFile;
private String procfsNetFile;
private String procfsDisksFile;
private long jiffyLengthInMillis;
private long ramSize = 0;
private long swapSize = 0;
private long ramSizeFree = 0; // 机器上的可用 ram 磁盘空间 (kB)
private long swapSizeFree = 0; // 机器上的可用 swap 空间 (kB)
private long inactiveSize = 0; // 不活跃内存 (kB)
private long inactiveFileSize = -1; // 非活动缓存,-1(如果不存在)
private long hardwareCorruptSize = 0; // RAM已损坏且不可用大小
private long hugePagesTotal = 0; // # 保留的标准大页
private long hugePageSize = 0; // # 每个标准大页的大小
/* 系统上的逻辑处理器数量. */
private int numProcessors = 0;
/* 系统上的物理核心数. */
private int numCores = 0;
private long cpuFrequency = 0L; // 系统上的CPU频率 (kHz)
private long numNetBytesRead = 0L; // 从网络读取的聚合字节
private long numNetBytesWritten = 0L; // 写入网络的聚合字节数
private long numDisksBytesRead = 0L; // 从磁盘读取的聚合字节数
private long numDisksBytesWritten = 0L; // 写入磁盘的聚合字节数
private boolean readMemInfoFile = false;
private boolean readCpuInfoFile = false;
/* 为每个磁盘映射其扇区大小 */
private HashMap perDiskSectorSize = null;
public static final long PAGE_SIZE = getConf("PAGESIZE");
public static final long JIFFY_LENGTH_IN_MILLIS =
Math.max(Math.round(1000D / getConf("CLK_TCK")), -1);
private static long getConf(String attr) {
if(Shell.LINUX) {
try {
ShellCommandExecutor shellExecutorClk = new ShellCommandExecutor(
new String[] {"getconf", attr });
shellExecutorClk.execute();
return Long.parseLong(shellExecutorClk.getOutput().replace("n", ""));
} catch (IOException|NumberFormatException e) {
return -1;
}
}
return -1;
}
/**
* 获取当前时间
* @return Unix时间戳(毫秒)
*/
long getCurrentTime() {
return System.currentTimeMillis();
}
public SysInfoLinux() {
this(PROCFS_MEMFILE, PROCFS_CPUINFO, PROCFS_STAT,
PROCFS_NETFILE, PROCFS_DISKSFILE, JIFFY_LENGTH_IN_MILLIS);
}
/**
* 构造函数,它允许分配/proc/目录。这将仅用于单元测试
* @param procfsMemFile fake file for /proc/meminfo
* @param procfsCpuFile fake file for /proc/cpuinfo
* @param procfsStatFile fake file for /proc/stat
* @param procfsNetFile fake file for /proc/net/dev
* @param procfsDisksFile fake file for /proc/diskstats
* @param jiffyLengthInMillis fake jiffy length value
*/
@VisibleForTesting
public SysInfoLinux(String procfsMemFile,
String procfsCpuFile,
String procfsStatFile,
String procfsNetFile,
String procfsDisksFile,
long jiffyLengthInMillis) {
this.procfsMemFile = procfsMemFile;
this.procfsCpuFile = procfsCpuFile;
this.procfsStatFile = procfsStatFile;
this.procfsNetFile = procfsNetFile;
this.procfsDisksFile = procfsDisksFile;
this.jiffyLengthInMillis = jiffyLengthInMillis;
this.cpuTimeTracker = new CpuTimeTracker(jiffyLengthInMillis);
this.perDiskSectorSize = new HashMap();
}
/**
* 读 /proc/meminfo, 只解析和计算一次内存信息.
*/
private void readProcMemInfoFile() {
readProcMemInfoFile(false);
}
/**
*
* Long.parseLong()的包装器,如果值无效则返回零。在某些情况下,
* /proc/meminfo中的swapFree可能为负数,报告为非常大的十进制值。
*/
private long safeParseLong(String strVal) {
long parsedVal;
try {
parsedVal = Long.parseLong(strVal);
} catch (NumberFormatException nfe) {
parsedVal = 0;
}
return parsedVal;
}
/**
* 读 /proc/meminfo, 解析和计算内存信息.
* @param readAgain if false, read only on the first time
*/
private void readProcMemInfoFile(boolean readAgain) {
if (readMemInfoFile && !readAgain) {
return;
}
// Read "/proc/memInfo" file
BufferedReader in;
InputStreamReader fReader;
try {
fReader = new InputStreamReader(
new FileInputStream(procfsMemFile), Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
in = new BufferedReader(fReader);
} catch (FileNotFoundException f) {
// shouldn't happen....
LOG.warn("Couldn't read " + procfsMemFile
+ "; can't determine memory settings");
return;
}
Matcher mat;
try {
String str = in.readLine();
while (str != null) {
mat = PROCFS_MEMFILE_FORMAT.matcher(str);
if (mat.find()) {
if (mat.group(1).equals(MEMTOTAL_STRING)) {
ramSize = Long.parseLong(mat.group(2));
} else if (mat.group(1).equals(SWAPTOTAL_STRING)) {
swapSize = Long.parseLong(mat.group(2));
} else if (mat.group(1).equals(MEMFREE_STRING)) {
ramSizeFree = safeParseLong(mat.group(2));
} else if (mat.group(1).equals(SWAPFREE_STRING)) {
swapSizeFree = safeParseLong(mat.group(2));
} else if (mat.group(1).equals(INACTIVE_STRING)) {
inactiveSize = Long.parseLong(mat.group(2));
} else if (mat.group(1).equals(INACTIVEFILE_STRING)) {
inactiveFileSize = Long.parseLong(mat.group(2));
} else if (mat.group(1).equals(HARDWARECORRUPTED_STRING)) {
hardwareCorruptSize = Long.parseLong(mat.group(2));
} else if (mat.group(1).equals(HUGEPAGESTOTAL_STRING)) {
hugePagesTotal = Long.parseLong(mat.group(2));
} else if (mat.group(1).equals(HUGEPAGESIZE_STRING)) {
hugePageSize = Long.parseLong(mat.group(2));
}
}
str = in.readLine();
}
} catch (IOException io) {
LOG.warn("Error reading the stream " + io);
} finally {
//关闭流
try {
fReader.close();
try {
in.close();
} catch (IOException i) {
LOG.warn("Error closing the stream " + in);
}
} catch (IOException i) {
LOG.warn("Error closing the stream " + fReader);
}
}
readMemInfoFile = true;
}
/**
* 读 /proc/cpuinfo, 解析和计算CPU信息.
*/
private void readProcCpuInfoFile() {
// 此目录只需读取一次
if (readCpuInfoFile) {
return;
}
HashSet coreIdSet = new HashSet();
// Read "/proc/cpuinfo" file
BufferedReader in;
InputStreamReader fReader;
try {
fReader = new InputStreamReader(
new FileInputStream(procfsCpuFile), Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
in = new BufferedReader(fReader);
} catch (FileNotFoundException f) {
// shouldn't happen....
LOG.warn("Couldn't read " + procfsCpuFile + "; can't determine cpu info");
return;
}
Matcher mat;
try {
numProcessors = 0;
numCores = 1;
String currentPhysicalId = "";
String str = in.readLine();
while (str != null) {
mat = PROCESSOR_FORMAT.matcher(str);
if (mat.find()) {
numProcessors++;
}
mat = FREQUENCY_FORMAT.matcher(str);
if (mat.find()) {
cpuFrequency = (long)(Double.parseDouble(mat.group(1)) * 1000); // kHz
}
mat = PHYSICAL_ID_FORMAT.matcher(str);
if (mat.find()) {
currentPhysicalId = str;
}
mat = CORE_ID_FORMAT.matcher(str);
if (mat.find()) {
coreIdSet.add(currentPhysicalId + " " + str);
numCores = coreIdSet.size();
}
str = in.readLine();
}
} catch (IOException io) {
LOG.warn("Error reading the stream " + io);
} finally {
// Close the streams
try {
fReader.close();
try {
in.close();
} catch (IOException i) {
LOG.warn("Error closing the stream " + in);
}
} catch (IOException i) {
LOG.warn("Error closing the stream " + fReader);
}
}
readCpuInfoFile = true;
}
/**
* 读/proc/stat file, parse and calculate cumulative CPU.
*/
private void readProcStatFile() {
// Read "/proc/stat" file
BufferedReader in;
InputStreamReader fReader;
try {
fReader = new InputStreamReader(
new FileInputStream(procfsStatFile), Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
in = new BufferedReader(fReader);
} catch (FileNotFoundException f) {
// shouldn't happen....
return;
}
Matcher mat;
try {
String str = in.readLine();
while (str != null) {
mat = CPU_TIME_FORMAT.matcher(str);
if (mat.find()) {
long uTime = Long.parseLong(mat.group(1));
long nTime = Long.parseLong(mat.group(2));
long sTime = Long.parseLong(mat.group(3));
cpuTimeTracker.updateElapsedJiffies(
BigInteger.valueOf(uTime + nTime + sTime),
getCurrentTime());
break;
}
str = in.readLine();
}
} catch (IOException io) {
LOG.warn("Error reading the stream " + io);
} finally {
// Close the streams
try {
fReader.close();
try {
in.close();
} catch (IOException i) {
LOG.warn("Error closing the stream " + in);
}
} catch (IOException i) {
LOG.warn("Error closing the stream " + fReader);
}
}
}
/**
* Read /proc/net/dev file, 解析并计算通过网络读取和写入的字节数。
*/
private void readProcNetInfoFile() {
numNetBytesRead = 0L;
numNetBytesWritten = 0L;
// Read "/proc/net/dev" file
BufferedReader in;
InputStreamReader fReader;
try {
fReader = new InputStreamReader(
new FileInputStream(procfsNetFile), Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
in = new BufferedReader(fReader);
} catch (FileNotFoundException f) {
return;
}
Matcher mat;
try {
String str = in.readLine();
while (str != null) {
mat = PROCFS_NETFILE_FORMAT.matcher(str);
if (mat.find()) {
assert mat.groupCount() >= 16;
// 忽略环回接口
if (mat.group(1).equals("lo")) {
str = in.readLine();
continue;
}
numNetBytesRead += Long.parseLong(mat.group(2));
numNetBytesWritten += Long.parseLong(mat.group(10));
}
str = in.readLine();
}
} catch (IOException io) {
LOG.warn("Error reading the stream " + io);
} finally {
// Close the streams
try {
fReader.close();
try {
in.close();
} catch (IOException i) {
LOG.warn("Error closing the stream " + in);
}
} catch (IOException i) {
LOG.warn("Error closing the stream " + fReader);
}
}
}
/**
* Read /proc/diskstats file, 解析和计算从磁盘读取和写入磁盘的字节数。
*/
private void readProcDisksInfoFile() {
numDisksBytesRead = 0L;
numDisksBytesWritten = 0L;
// Read "/proc/diskstats" file
BufferedReader in;
try {
in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
new FileInputStream(procfsDisksFile), Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
} catch (FileNotFoundException f) {
return;
}
Matcher mat;
try {
String str = in.readLine();
while (str != null) {
mat = PROCFS_DISKSFILE_FORMAT.matcher(str);
if (mat.find()) {
String diskName = mat.group(4);
assert diskName != null;
// 忽略循环或ram分区
if (diskName.contains("loop") || diskName.contains("ram")) {
str = in.readLine();
continue;
}
Integer sectorSize;
synchronized (perDiskSectorSize) {
sectorSize = perDiskSectorSize.get(diskName);
if (null == sectorSize) {
// 检索扇区大小
// 如果不可用或错误,假设512
sectorSize = readDiskBlockInformation(diskName, 512);
perDiskSectorSize.put(diskName, sectorSize);
}
}
String sectorsRead = mat.group(7);
String sectorsWritten = mat.group(11);
if (null == sectorsRead || null == sectorsWritten) {
return;
}
numDisksBytesRead += Long.parseLong(sectorsRead) * sectorSize;
numDisksBytesWritten += Long.parseLong(sectorsWritten) * sectorSize;
}
str = in.readLine();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
LOG.warn("Error reading the stream " + procfsDisksFile, e);
} finally {
// Close the streams
try {
in.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
LOG.warn("Error closing the stream " + procfsDisksFile, e);
}
}
}
/**
* Read /sys/block/diskName/queue/hw_sector_size file, 解析并计算特定磁盘的扇区大小
* @return sector size of specified disk, or defSector
*/
int readDiskBlockInformation(String diskName, int defSector) {
assert perDiskSectorSize != null && diskName != null;
String procfsDiskSectorFile =
"/sys/block/" + diskName + "/queue/hw_sector_size";
BufferedReader in;
try {
in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
new FileInputStream(procfsDiskSectorFile),
Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
} catch (FileNotFoundException f) {
return defSector;
}
Matcher mat;
try {
String str = in.readLine();
while (str != null) {
mat = PROCFS_DISKSECTORFILE_FORMAT.matcher(str);
if (mat.find()) {
String secSize = mat.group(1);
if (secSize != null) {
return Integer.parseInt(secSize);
}
}
str = in.readLine();
}
return defSector;
} catch (IOException|NumberFormatException e) {
LOG.warn("Error reading the stream " + procfsDiskSectorFile, e);
return defSector;
} finally {
// Close the streams
try {
in.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
LOG.warn("Error closing the stream " + procfsDiskSectorFile, e);
}
}
}
/** {@inheritDoc} */
@Override
public long getPhysicalMemorySize() {
readProcMemInfoFile();
return (ramSize
- hardwareCorruptSize
- (hugePagesTotal * hugePageSize)) * 1024;
}
/** {@inheritDoc} */
@Override
public long getVirtualMemorySize() {
return getPhysicalMemorySize() + (swapSize * 1024);
}
/** {@inheritDoc} */
@Override
public long getAvailablePhysicalMemorySize() {
readProcMemInfoFile(true);
long inactive = inactiveFileSize != -1
? inactiveFileSize
: inactiveSize;
return (ramSizeFree + inactive) * 1024;
}
/** {@inheritDoc} */
@Override
public long getAvailableVirtualMemorySize() {
return getAvailablePhysicalMemorySize() + (swapSizeFree * 1024);
}
/** {@inheritDoc} */
@Override
public int getNumProcessors() {
readProcCpuInfoFile();
return numProcessors;
}
/** {@inheritDoc} */
@Override
public int getNumCores() {
readProcCpuInfoFile();
return numCores;
}
/** {@inheritDoc} */
@Override
public long getCpuFrequency() {
readProcCpuInfoFile();
return cpuFrequency;
}
/** {@inheritDoc} */
@Override
public long getCumulativeCpuTime() {
readProcStatFile();
return cpuTimeTracker.getCumulativeCpuTime();
}
/** {@inheritDoc} */
@Override
public float getCpuUsagePercentage() {
readProcStatFile();
float overallCpuUsage = cpuTimeTracker.getCpuTrackerUsagePercent();
if (overallCpuUsage != CpuTimeTracker.UNAVAILABLE) {
overallCpuUsage = overallCpuUsage / getNumProcessors();
}
return overallCpuUsage;
}
/** {@inheritDoc} */
@Override
public float getNumVCoresUsed() {
readProcStatFile();
float overallVCoresUsage = cpuTimeTracker.getCpuTrackerUsagePercent();
if (overallVCoresUsage != CpuTimeTracker.UNAVAILABLE) {
overallVCoresUsage = overallVCoresUsage / 100F;
}
return overallVCoresUsage;
}
/** {@inheritDoc} */
@Override
public long getNetworkBytesRead() {
readProcNetInfoFile();
return numNetBytesRead;
}
/** {@inheritDoc} */
@Override
public long getNetworkBytesWritten() {
readProcNetInfoFile();
return numNetBytesWritten;
}
@Override
public long getStorageBytesRead() {
readProcDisksInfoFile();
return numDisksBytesRead;
}
@Override
public long getStorageBytesWritten() {
readProcDisksInfoFile();
return numDisksBytesWritten;
}
/**
* 测试 {@link SysInfoLinux}.
*
* @param args - arguments to this calculator test
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
SysInfoLinux plugin = new SysInfoLinux();
System.out.println("Physical memory Size (bytes) : "
+ plugin.getPhysicalMemorySize());
System.out.println("Total Virtual memory Size (bytes) : "
+ plugin.getVirtualMemorySize());
System.out.println("Available Physical memory Size (bytes) : "
+ plugin.getAvailablePhysicalMemorySize());
System.out.println("Total Available Virtual memory Size (bytes) : "
+ plugin.getAvailableVirtualMemorySize());
System.out.println("Number of Processors : " + plugin.getNumProcessors());
System.out.println("CPU frequency (kHz) : " + plugin.getCpuFrequency());
System.out.println("Cumulative CPU time (ms) : " +
plugin.getCumulativeCpuTime());
System.out.println("Total network read (bytes) : "
+ plugin.getNetworkBytesRead());
System.out.println("Total network written (bytes) : "
+ plugin.getNetworkBytesWritten());
System.out.println("Total storage read (bytes) : "
+ plugin.getStorageBytesRead());
System.out.println("Total storage written (bytes) : "
+ plugin.getStorageBytesWritten());
try {
// 睡眠,以便计算CPU使用量
Thread.sleep(500L);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// do nothing
}
System.out.println("CPU usage % : " + plugin.getCpuUsagePercentage());
}
@VisibleForTesting
void setReadCpuInfoFile(boolean readCpuInfoFileValue) {
this.readCpuInfoFile = readCpuInfoFileValue;
}
public long getJiffyLengthInMillis() {
return this.jiffyLengthInMillis;
}
}
从源码中可以看到,linux上的资源信息是从各个文件中获取的:
/proc/meminfo 解析和计算内存信息
/proc/cpuinfo 解析和计算CPU信息
/proc/stat 获取CPU的运行数据
/proc/net/dev 解析并计算通过网络读取和写入的字节数。
/proc/diskstats 解析和计算从磁盘读取和写入磁盘的字节数
/sys/block/partition_name/queue/hw_sector_size 解析并计算特定磁盘的扇区大小
下面我们看下linux操作系统中的这些文件中都是什么内容
三、proc下各示例文件
1、/proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 131479404 kB
MemFree: 29109144 kB
MemAvailable: 109564132 kB
Buffers: 3922940 kB
Cached: 65545372 kB
SwapCached: 0 kB
Active: 9252304 kB
Inactive: 79107168 kB
Active(anon): 120256 kB
Inactive(anon): 18893260 kB
Active(file): 9132048 kB
Inactive(file): 60213908 kB
Unevictable: 0 kB
Mlocked: 0 kB
SwapTotal: 0 kB
SwapFree: 0 kB
Dirty: 123956 kB
Writeback: 0 kB
AnonPages: 18856940 kB
Mapped: 151268 kB
Shmem: 122260 kB
KReclaimable: 12166144 kB
Slab: 13454424 kB
SReclaimable: 12166144 kB
SUnreclaim: 1288280 kB
KernelStack: 29584 kB
PageTables: 88028 kB
NFS_Unstable: 0 kB
Bounce: 0 kB
WritebackTmp: 0 kB
CommitLimit: 65739700 kB
Committed_AS: 34508552 kB
VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB
VmallocUsed: 168540 kB
VmallocChunk: 0 kB
Percpu: 210432 kB
HardwareCorrupted: 0 kB
AnonHugePages: 12728320 kB
ShmemHugePages: 0 kB
ShmemPmdMapped: 0 kB
FileHugePages: 0 kB
FilePmdMapped: 0 kB
DupText: 0 kB
HugePages_Total: 0
HugePages_Free: 0
HugePages_Rsvd: 0
HugePages_Surp: 0
Hugepagesize: 2048 kB
Hugetlb: 0 kB
DirectMap4k: 2277228 kB
DirectMap2M: 119357440 kB
DirectMap1G: 14680064 kB
/proc/meminfo是了解Linux系统内存使用状况的主要接口,我们最常用的”free”、”vmstat”等命令就是通过它获取数据的
MemTotal:系统从加电开始到引导完成,firmware/BIOS要保留一些内存,kernel本身要占用一些内存,最后剩下可供kernel支配的内存就是MemTotal。这个值在系统运行期间一般是固定不变的
MemFree:表示系统尚未使用的内存。[MemTotal-MemFree]就是已被用掉的内存
MemAvailable:有些应用程序会根据系统的可用内存大小自动调整内存申请的多少,所以需要一个记录当前可用内存数量的统计值,MemFree并不适用,因为MemFree不能代表全部可用的内存,系统中有些内存虽然已被使用但是可以回收的,比如cache/buffer、slab都有一部分可以回收,所以这部分可回收的内存加上MemFree才是系统可用的内存,即MemAvailable。/proc/meminfo中的MemAvailable是内核使用特定的算法估算出来的,要注意这是一个估计值,并不精确
Buffers:用于缓存数据的内存量
Cached:用于缓存文件系统数据的内存量
SwapCached:用于缓存交换分区数据的内存量
Active:活跃内存量,活跃指最近被访问过或正在使用中的内存
Inactive:非活跃内存量,非活跃指长时间没有被访问或已经释放但仍在缓冲区中的内存
Active(anon):活跃的匿名内存
Inactive(anon):不活跃的匿名内存
Active(file):活跃的文件使用内存
Inactive(file):不活跃的文件使用内存
Unevictable:不能被释放的内存页
Mlocked:系统调用 mlock 家族允许程序在物理内存上锁住它的部分或全部地址空间。这将阻止Linux 将这个内存页调度到交换空间(swap space),即使该程序已有一段时间没有访问这段空间
SwapTotal:交换分区总容量
SwapFree:交换分区剩余容量
Dirty:脏页面数量,脏页面是指已经被修改但还没有被写回磁盘的页面
Writeback:等待写回磁盘的页面数量
AnonPages:未映射页的内存大小
Mapped:设备和文件等映射的大小
Shmem:包含共享内存以及tmpfs
文件系统占用的内存
KReclaimable:在SReclaimable
的基础上加上MISC_RECLAIMABLE
Slab:Slab是Linux中用来管理小块内核对象分配和释放的一种内存管理机制,Slab = SReclaimable+SUnreclaim
SReclaimable:slab中可回收的部分
SUnreclaim:slab中不可回收的部分
KernelStack:内核消耗的内存
PageTables:管理内存分页的索引表的大小
NFS_Unstable:不稳定页表的大小
Bounce:在低端内存中分配一个临时buffer作为跳转,把位于高端内存的缓存数据复制到此处消耗的内存
WritebackTmp:FUSE用于临时写回缓冲区的内存
CommitLimit:系统实际可分配内存
Committed_AS:系统当前已分配的内存
VmallocTotal:预留的虚拟内存总量
VmallocUsed:已经被使用的虚拟内存
VmallocChunk:可分配的最大的逻辑连续的虚拟内存
Percpu:表示用于percpu分配的的内存大小,不包括metadata
HardwareCorrupted:当系统检测到内存的硬件故障时删除掉的内存页的总量
AnonHugePages:匿名大页缓存
ShmemHugePages:表示用于shared memory或tmpfs的透明大页
ShmemPmdMapped:表示用于用户态shared memory映射的透明大页
FileHugePages:
FilePmdMapped:
DupText:
HugePages_Total:预留的大页内存总量
HugePages_Free:空闲的大页内存
HugePages_Rsvd:已经被应用程序分配但尚未使用的大页内存
HugePages_Surp:初始大页数与修改配置后大页数的差值
Hugepagesize:单个大页内存的大小
Hugetlb:
DirectMap4k:映射TLB为4kB的内存数量
DirectMap2M:映射TLB为2M的内存数量
DirectMap1G:映射TLB为1G的内存数量
2、/proc/cpuinfo
processor : 0
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family : 6
model : 85
model name : Intel Xeon Processor (Skylake, IBRS)
stepping : 4
microcode : 0x1
cpu MHz : 2299.992
cache size : 16384 KB
physical id : 0
siblings : 12
core id : 0
cpu cores : 12
apicid : 0
initial apicid : 0
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level : 13
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl xtopology c
puid tsc_known_freq pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch cpuid_fault invpcid
_single ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 hle avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid rtm mpx avx512f avx512dq rdseed adx smap clflushopt clwb avx512cd avx512bw avx512vl xsaveopt xsavec xge
tbv1 xsaves arat umip pku ospke md_clear
bugs : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs taa itlb_multihit mmio_stale_data retbleed
bogomips : 4599.98
clflush size : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes : 46 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:……………………………省略………………………….
processor : 23
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family : 6
model : 85
model name : Intel Xeon Processor (Skylake, IBRS)
stepping : 4
microcode : 0x1
cpu MHz : 2299.992
cache size : 16384 KB
physical id : 1
siblings : 12
core id : 11
cpu cores : 12
apicid : 27
initial apicid : 27
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level : 13
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl xtopology cpuid tsc_known_freq pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch cpuid_fault invpcid_single ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 hle avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid rtm mpx avx512f avx512dq rdseed adx smap clflushopt clwb avx512cd avx512bw avx512vl xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves arat umip pku ospke md_clear
bugs : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs taa itlb_multihit mmio_stale_data retbleed
bogomips : 4599.98
clflush size : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes : 46 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:
通过/proc/cpuinfo,可以查看系统中CPU的提供商和相关配置信息,例如我们想获取,有多少颗物理CPU,每个物理cpu核心数,以及超线程是否开启等信息,下面是每项参数的解释:
processor :系统中逻辑处理核心数的编号,从0开始排序
vendor_id :CPU制造商
cpu family :CPU产品系列代号
model :CPU属于其系列中的哪一代的代号
model name:CPU属于的名字及其编号、标称主频
stepping :CPU属于制作更新版本
cpu MHz :CPU的实际使用主频
cache size :CPU二级缓存大小
physical id :单个物理CPU的标号
siblings :单个物理CPU的逻辑CPU数。siblings=cpu cores [*2]
core id :当前物理核在其所处CPU中的编号,这个编号不一定连续
cpu cores :该逻辑核所处CPU的物理核数。比如此处cpu cores 是4个,那么对应core id 可能是 1、3、4、5。
apicid :用来区分不同逻辑核的编号,系统中每个逻辑核的此编号必然不同,此编号不一定连续
fpu :是否具有浮点运算单元(Floating Point Unit)
fpu_exception :是否支持浮点计算异常
cpuid level :执行cpuid指令前,eax寄存器中的值,根据不同的值cpuid指令会返回不同的内容
wp :表明当前CPU是否在内核态支持对用户空间的写保护(Write Protection)
flags :当前CPU支持的功能
bugs :保存内核检测到的硬件错误
bogomips:在系统内核启动时粗略测算的CPU速度(Million Instructions Per Second
clflush size :每次刷新缓存的大小单位
cache_alignment :缓存地址对齐单位
address sizes :可访问地址空间位数
power management :对能源管理的支持
3、/proc/stat
cpu 8736131408 5678 193273561 20516569092 64420147 202089758 24839900 736849109 0 0
cpu0 248135539 221 7727953 977102347 3547852 7843342 1836321 26959080 0 0
cpu1 288960610 208 7253118 939752913 3465875 6253758 983012 22610655 0 0
cpu2 331782665 173 6580943 898614791 3179773 5927649 705463 20377701 0 0
cpu3 357312958 119 6079401 873515056 3082820 5636253 675032 19192651 0 0
cpu4 416415379 134 4970987 817517624 2702326 5029001 461878 15707695 0 0
cpu5 431656991 49 4560783 803250964 2571613 4865074 410522 14757252 0 0
cpu6 435254195 169 4473639 799793313 2533305 4816086 391800 14568012 0 0
cpu7 430149966 193 5306474 799970897 2274711 5119291 4203530 15644401 0 0
cpu8 442943177 38 42457服务器托管网70 792483084 2429873 4720225 472371 14247201 0 0
cpu9 450045462 66 4306296 784947171 2410185 4660788 1014418 13736325 0 0
cpu10 451355787 39 4064980 784676208 2261500 4619102 396365 13709422 0 0
cpu11 457452811 64 3901559 778822656 2231050 4565301 393815 13362096 0 0
cpu12 308242715 360 10256742 887773491 2996516 16295533 1139546 52646450 0 0
cpu13 291977604 326 12356349 906520116 2948164 14127718 995623 49241553 0 0
cpu14 314799511 763 11789179 887439430 2724265 12548004 926359 45887607 0 0
cpu15 343893959 589 10565703 861975365 2476760 11234089 879714 42636791 0 0
cpu16 357686825 202 9889055 850148237 2299417 10596337 839523 40920853 0 0
cpu17 371250803 336 9230196 838222800 2170862 10053101 814107 39442271 0 0
cpu18 381559924 227 8684083 829076848 2133621 9640147 793837 38300080 0 0
cpu19 391204359 360 8217143 820527206 2044874 9294489 780223 37347635 0 0
cpu20 395787749 376 7934865 816504952 2030798 9101060 793620 36768582 0 0
cpu21 382765684 287 8586382 826536768 2751789 9517617 1313220 39011440 0 0
cpu22 403637541 284 7699240 808560612 3025058 8623423 868515 35789081 0 0
cpu23 51859181 83 24592711 1132836231 4127127 17002359 2751076 73984264 0 0
intr 41293626138 0 9 0 0 250 0 0 0 0 0 1257757 0 15 0 12281947 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 74418226 0 9915152 0 62205235 0 16892400 0 170973248 4915 0 3076909346 41960 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ctxt 66125412027
btime 1695643289
processes 68123558
procs_running 20
procs_blocked 0
softirq 26896249797 0 1534546890 2296517 681491783 147607814 0 4570937 2751393260 9053148 290452968
/proc/stat记录的是系统进程整体的统计信息
cpu ~ cpu23 描述的指标如下:(单位都是jiffies,1jiffies=0.01秒)
name | user | nice | system | idle | iowait | irrq | softirq | steal | guest | guest_nice |
cpu | 8736131408 | 5678 | 193273561 | 20516569092 | 64420147 | 202089758 | 24839900 | 736849109 | 0 | 0 |
…… | …… | …… | …… | …… | …… | …… | …… | …… | …… | …… |
cpu23 | 51859181 | 83 | 24592711 | 1132836231 | 4127127 | 17002359 | 2751076 | 73984264 | 0 | 0 |
这部分统计了CPU时间消耗分布在哪些地方,是用户态任务,还是内核或者是中断、idle等等;第一行的第一个字段为”cpu”,没有指定CPU号,表示是其他各个CPU时间分布的汇总;而其他行有cpu编号表示特定编号的cpu时间消耗分布情况。
name:cpu汇总/cpu编号
user:到目前为止,CPU上nice值不大于0的用户态任务的运行时间
nice:到目前为止,CPU上nice值大于0的用户态任务的运行时间
system:到目前为止,CPU上内核态的运行时间。包括用户态任务系统调用、异常等陷入内核消耗时间,也包括内核线程消耗的时间; 但是不包括中断和软中断的执行时间
idle:到目前为止,处于idle任务的时间。不包括CPU上因为任务IO阻塞导致CPU上没有任务可运行、处于idle状态的时间。
iowait:到目前为止,由于CPU上任务IO阻塞导致CPU无可运行任务、处于idle的时间。需要强调的是,iowait是在CPU处于idle状态下的一种特殊情况的时间,与上面的“idle”列互补构成CPU上真正处于idle的时间。
irrq:到目前为止,CPU进入到中断处理的时间(在没有使能CONFIG_IRQ_TIME_ACCOUNTING的情况下,大部分架构实际上无法记录到该项,见下面的分析)。
softirq:到目前为止,CPU处理软中断的时间,包括softirqd中处理软中断的时间。
steal:与虚拟化有关
guest:与虚拟化有关
guest_nice:与虚拟化有关
其他指标如下:
intr:系统启动以来的所有interrupts的次数情况
ctxt: 系统上下文切换次数
btime:启动时长(单位:秒),从Epoch(即1970零时)开始到系统启动所经过的时长,每次启动会改变。此处指为1695643289,转换北京时间为2023-09-25 20:01:29
processes:系统启动后所创建过的进程数量。当短时间该值特别大,系统可能出现异常
procs_running:处于Runnable状态的进程个数
procs_blocked:处于被阻塞的进程个数
softirq:此行显示所有CPU的softirq总数,第一列是所有软件和每个软件的总数,后面的列是特定softirq的总数
4、/proc/net/dev
Inter-| Receive | Transmit
face |bytes packets errs drop fifo frame compressed multicast|bytes packets errs drop fifo colls carrier compressed
lo: 8262570189990 1009625458 0 1217 0 0 0 0 8262570189990 1009625458 0 0 0 0 0 0
eth0: 4725352845467 3727035213 0 0 0 0 0 0 12125473603784 322028286 0 0 0 0 0 0
eth1: 12250497813726 9789277543 0 1066 0 0 0 0 12066904463831 2712923220 0 0 0 0 0 0
/proc/net/dev提供了网络设备接口的统计信息,lo、eth0、eth1为网络社保接口的名称。下面是具体指标解释
bytes:接收或发送的总字节数。
packets:接收或发送的总数据包数量。
errs:在接收或发送过程中发生的错误数量。
drop:由于缓冲区溢出或其他原因而丢弃的数据包数量。
fifo:由于队列拥塞而丢弃的数据包数量。
frame:由于帧错误而丢弃的数据包数量。
compressed:压缩传输所节省的字节数量。
multicast:接收到多播数据包的数量。
5、/proc/diskstats
253 0 vda 978184 4128 81150594 20755299 73453182 4078455 1309816689 398292145 0 113223744 426791458 0 0 0 0 15585634 7744013 20200452 365556940 0
253 1 vda1 977999 4128 81131978 20753990 72102739 4078455 1309816681 396863176 0 112567056 417617166 0 0 0 0 0 0 20199145 365556938 0
253 16 vdb 10371383 566918 5197295816 186317736 4253043 5537854 2637106896 128050659 0 68754698 314653319 0 0 0 0 411815 284922 185895864 126318932 0
253 17 vdb1 10371274 566918 5197280288 186316863 4253012 5537854 2637106896 128050617 0 68754916 314367481 0 0 0 0 0 0 185894994 126318932 0
253 32 vdc 62355261 2902021 51036086962 4222776827 51209471 48829571 38641223240 1144000034 1 453445155 1073094954 0 0 0 0 1186448 1285388 4096018303 1082051035 0
11 0 sr0 352 0 3115 420 0 0 0 0 0 456 420 0 0 0 0 0 0 419 0 0
/proc/diskstatsv提供了磁盘信息的统计信息,含义从左到右依次如下
设备号 编号 设备 读完成次数 合并完成次数 读扇区次数 读操作花费毫秒数 写完成次数 合并写完成次数 写扇区次数 写操作花费的毫秒数 正在处理的输入/输出请求数 输入/输出操作花费的毫秒数 输入/输出操作花费的加权毫秒数
6、/sys/block/partition_name/queue/hw_sector_size
通过hw_sector_size可以获取磁盘块大小相关的信息。我们把partition_name换成vda、vdb、vdc或者sr0即可,注意:下面的512就是文件的内容
vda、vdb、vdc的磁盘块大小为
512
sr0的磁盘块大小为
2048
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