运行平台:Mysql
目的:比较join……on 后面的and 和where的区别
1)建表
创建A表
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `a`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `a`;
CREATE TABLE `a` (
10,0) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
255) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
255) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_unicode_ci;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of a
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `a` VALUES ('1', '1', 'jack');
INSERT INTO `a` VALUES ('2', '1', 'jack');
INSERT INTO `a` VALUES ('3', '1', 'leo');
创建B表
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `b`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `b`;
CREATE TABLE `b` (
10,0) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
11) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
11) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_unicode_ci;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of b
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `b` VALUES ('1', '1', 'frowna');
INSERT INTO `b` VALUES ('2', '1', 'frowna');
INSERT INTO `b` VALUES ('3', '1', 'kiki');
2)比较下面的运行结果
select * from A left join B on A.link =B.link where A.a_name='jack'
和
select * from A left join B on A.link =B.link and A.a_name='jack'
select * from A inner join B on A.link =B.link where A.a_name='jack'
和
select * from A inner join B on A.link =B.link and A.a_name='jack'
select * from A right join B on A.link =B.link where A.a_name='jack'
和
select * from A right join B on A.link =B.link and A.a_name='jack'
select * from A right join B on A.link =B.link where A.a_name is null
和
select * from A right join B on A.link =B.link and A.a_name is null
3)结论
3.1) where 是在两个表join完成后,再附上where条件。
即
select * from (select A.a_name,B.b_name from A left join B on A.link =B.link)t where t.a_name='jack';
等价为
select A.a_name,B.b_name from A left join B on A.link =B.link where A.a_name='jack'
3.2)
而 and 则是在表连接前过滤A表或B表里面哪些记录符合连接条件,同时会兼顾是left join还是right join。即
假如是左连接的话,如果左边表的某条记录不符合连接条件,那么它不进行连接,但是仍然留在结果集中(此时右边部分的连接结果为NULL)。
3.3)建议尽量用where来过滤条件,以避免复杂的逻辑考虑。(除非在某些情况下(后接其他sql语句),用and会报错,才用and,但要考虑是否影响正确结果。)
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