推荐配置
主节点2C4G,两个从节点2C2G即可
操作系统我用的centos
一、Dokcer环境安装(阿里云环境)
1.1 下载docker实例
sudo wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
1.2 安装
sudo yum -y install docker-ce
1.3 检查是否安装成功
sudo docker -v
1.4 启动docker服务
sudo systemctl start docker
1.5 设置开机自启动
sudo systemctl enable docker
1.6 检查docker的服务状态
sudo systemctl status docker
二、K8S安装前环境配置
2.1 设置各个节点名称
hostnamectl set-hostname 节点名称
2.2 禁用linux的安全设置
2.2.1 临时禁用
sudo setenforce 0
# (响应结果为setenforce: SELinux is disabled即为正确)
2.2.2 永久禁用
sudo sed -i 's/^SELINUX=enforcing$/SELINUX=permissive/' /etc/selinux/config
2.3 关闭swap分区
2.3.1 临时关闭
swapoff -a
2.3.2 永久关闭
如果是非root用户请添加sudo授权
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab
2.4 允许iptables检查桥接流量
cat EOF | sudo tee /etc/modules-load.d/k8s.conf
br_netfilter
EOF
cat EOF | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
2.5 更新配服务器托管网置
sudo sysctl --system
三、K8S环境的核心依赖安装
3.1 配置kubelet、kubeadm、kubectl的下载源信息
cat EOF | sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
exclude=kubelet kubeadm kubectl
EOF
3.2 下载并安装
sudo yum install -y kubelet-1.20.9 kubeadm-1.20.9 kubectl-1.20.9 --disableexcludes=kubernetes
3.3 启动kubelet并设置开机启动
sudo systemctl enable --now kubelet
3.4 检查kubelet启动状态(因为还没装kubeadm,所以状态为running和exited两种都为正常)
systemctl status kubelet
3.5 依赖镜像下载
编写执行脚本
sudo tee ./images.sh 'EOF'
#!/bin/bash
images=(
kube-apiserver:v1.20.9
kube-proxy:v1.20.9
kube-controller-manager:v1.20.9
kube-scheduler:v1.20.9
coredns:1.7.0
etcd:3.4.13-0
pause:3.2
)
for imageName in ${images[@]} ; do
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lfy_k8s_images/$imageName
done
EOF
授权并执行
chmod +x ./images.sh && ./images.sh
四、K8S节点初始化
4.1 为所有节点添加主节点域名映射(可以通过ip a命令查看master主机ip地址)
echo "172.26.132.136 cluster-endpoint" >> /etc/hosts
4.2 初始化master节点(仅在master节点运行)
service-cidr网段及pod-network无需更改
kubeadm init
--apiserver-advertise-address=172.26.132.136
--control-plane-endpoint=cluster-endpoint
--image-repository registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lfy_k8s_images
--kubernetes-version v1.20.9
--service-cidr=10.96.0.0/16
--pod-network-cidr=192.168.0.0/16
安装成功(一定要保存,后面加入子节点需要使用):
Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!
To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
Alternatively, if you are the root user, you can run:
export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf
You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/
You can now join any number of control-plane nodes by copying certificate authorities
and service account keys on each node and then running the following as root:
kubeadm join cluster-endpoint:6443 --token 4612mg.3xomnt3l1zfhc6ye
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:93服务器托管网c235c16e18e8f0db8cd4990343c70ec9ad16397154e52d50b6529e51b0514e
--control-plane
Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:
kubeadm join cluster-endpoint:6443 --token 4612mg.3xomnt3l1zfhc6ye
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:93c235c16e18e8f0db8cd4990343c70ec9ad16397154e52d50b6529e51b0514e
4.3 根据安装成功官方建议配置kubeadm(仅在master节点运行)
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
查看当前节点注册状态
kubectl get nodes
4.4 注册网络插件(仅在master节点运行)
下载配置文件:
curl https://docs.projectcalico.org/v3.20/manifests/calico.yaml -O
应用配置文件(重要命令)
kubectl apply -f calico.yaml
查看k8s集群部署的应用
kubectl get pods -A
如果出现异常,可以查看kube状态(仅出现问题时排查使用,无异常可忽略)
kubectl get cs
如果发现controller-manager和scheduler 出现 Get http://127.0.0.1:10252/healthz: dial tcp 127.0.0.1:10252: connect: connection refused 是由于配置文件中默认port设置为0的缘故,我们需要修改一下(仅出现问题时排查使用,无异常可忽略)
# 进入配置文件路径
cd /etc/kubernetes/manifests
# 查看文件
ls
修改kube-controller-manager.yaml和kube-scheduler.yaml(修改前请记得备份)
将port = 0 注释(仅出现问题时排查使用,无异常可忽略)
#参考 请勿复制 kube-controller-manager.yaml
spec:
containers:
- command:
- kube-controller-manager
- --allocate-node-cidrs=true
- --authentication-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.conf
- --authorization-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.conf
- --bind-address=127.0.0.1
- --client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.crt
- --cluster-cidr=10.244.0.0/16
- --cluster-name=kubernetes
- --cluster-signing-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.crt
- --cluster-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.key
- --controllers=*,bootstrapsigner,tokencleaner
- --experimental-cluster-signing-duration=876000h
- --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.conf
- --leader-elect=true
- --node-cidr-mask-size=24
# - --port=0 注释掉这里
#参考 请勿复制 kube-scheduler.yaml
spec:
containers:
- command:
- kube-scheduler
- --authentication-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.conf
- --authorization-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.conf
- --bind-address=127.0.0.1
- --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.conf
- --leader-elect=true
# - --port=0
- 重启kubelet(仅出现问题时排查使用,无异常可忽略)
systemctl restart kubelet
最后查看状态,正常即可。
4.5 加入工作节点
通过启动kubeadmin给的命令启动(关键字:Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root
)
kubeadm join cluster-endpoint:6443 --token 4612mg.3xomnt3l1zfhc6ye
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:93c235c16e18e8f0db8cd4990343c70ec9ad16397154e52d50b6529e51b0514e
如果刚才的令牌在运行阶段忘记保存,可以在master节点重新生成新的令牌
kubeadm token create --print-join-command
五、部署可视化面板(在主节点运行)
5.1 获取dashbord配置文件并部署
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.3.1/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml
5.2 修改dashbord访问端口配置
kubectl edit svc kubernetes-dashboard -n kubernetes-dashboard
# type: ClusterIP 改为 type: NodePort
# 输入i进入输入模式 esc后输入:进入命令号,wq保存并退出
5.3 获取dashbord生成的随机端口号,并在防火墙(安全组)中配置放行
kubectl get svc -A |grep kubernetes-dashboard
## 找到端口,在安全组放行 这里可以页面配置
访问链接: https://master节点公网地址+生成的随机端口
如果出现浏览器安全选项可以刷新后用英文输入法输入thisisunsafe
5.4 创建访问账号
vi dash.yaml
#将下面的配置粘贴进去
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: admin-user
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: admin-user
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: cluster-admin
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: admin-user
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
应用配置文件
kubectl apply -f dash.yaml
5.5 获取访问令牌
#获取访问令牌(注意复制到root@之前)
kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard get secret $(kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard get sa/admin-user -o jsonpath="{.secrets[0].name}") -o go-template="{{.data.token | base64decode}}"
部署指南到此完结撒花,后面会继续出k8s的使用指南
服务器托管,北京服务器托管,服务器租用 http://www.fwqtg.net
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