oracle使用dblink连接mysql

Posted on 2023年10月28日2023年10月28日 by hackdl

在oracle数据库访问mysql数据库数据

环境

Oracle 数据库： 192.168.22.6 端口1521 操作系统：RHEL 7.6
MYSQL 数据库： 192.168.22.9 端口3306 操作系统：RHEL 7.6 用户：lanmc，密码：lanmc123 ，数据库 lanmc

ORACLE 数据库配置

1、oracle服务端安装mysql odbc

mysql odbc下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/odbc/

rpm -ivh mysql-connector-odbc-8.0.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
warning: mysql-connector-odbc-8.0.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql-connector-odbc-8.0.31-1.el7################################# [100%]

[root@t12c ~]# rpm -ql mysql-connector-odbc-8.0.31-1.el7.x86_64
/usr/bin/myodbc-installer
/usr/lib64/libmyodbc8a.so
/usr/lib64/libmyodbc8w.so
/usr/share/doc/mysql-connector-odbc-8.0.31
/usr/share/doc/mysql-connector-odbc-8.0.31/ChangeLog
/usr/share/doc/mysql-connector-odbc-8.0.31/INFO_BIN
/usr/share/doc/mysql-connector-odbc-8.0.31/INFO_SRC
/usr/share/doc/mysql-connector-odbc-8.0.31/LICENSE.txt
/usr/share/doc/mysql-connector-odbc-8.0.31/README.txt

2、安装最新的unixODBC

下载地址：http://www.unixodbc.org/

1. copy the unixODBC-2.3.11.tar.gz file somewhere you can create files and directories
2. gunzip unixODBC*.tar.gz
3. tar xvf unixODBC*.tar

./configure              ## 指定路径安装 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/unixODBC
make
make install


[root@t12c ~]# odbcinst -j
unixODBC 2.3.11
DRIVERS............: /usr/local/etc/odbcinst.ini
SYSTEM DATA SOURCES: /usr/local/etc/odbc.ini
FILE DATA SOURCES..: /usr/local/etc/ODBCDataSources
USER DATA SOURCES..: /root/.odbc.ini
SQLULEN Size.......: 8
SQLLEN Size....服务器托管网....: 8
SQLSETPOSIROW Size.: 8

检查路径是否为配置文件路径；如不是

1.直接在 /usr/local/etc/ 目录下配置odbcinst.ini 和 odbc.ini.
2.在其他目录配置，之后使用odbcinst 命令加载2个配置。
odbcinst -i -d -f /etc/odbc.ini
odbcinst -i -s -l -f /etc/odbc.ini

3、在/etc目录下创建odbc.ini文件

[root@t12c ~]# vi /etc/odbc.ini
[MYSQL]
Driver       = /usr/lib64/libmyodbc8w.so            ## mysql odbc的lib
Description  = Connector ODBC 8
SERVER       = 192.168.22.9
PORT         = 3306
USER         = lanmc
Password     = lanmc123
Database     = lanmc
OPTION       = 0
TRACE        = OFF
CHARSET      = UTF8

## 测试连接
[root@t12c ~]# isql MYSQL
+---------------------------------------+
| Connected!                            |
|                                       |
| sql-statement                         |
| help [tablename]                      |
| quit                                  |
|                                       |
+---------------------------------------+
SQL> select * from t1;
+-----------+-----------+
| id1       | id2       |
+-----------+-----------+
| 3333      | 6412      |
+-----------+-----------+
SQLRowCount returns 1
1 rows fetched
SQL> quit()

4、配置透明网关

[oracle@t12c admin]$ vi initMYSQL.ora 
HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO = MYSQL
HS_FDS_TRACE_LEVEL = OFF
HS_FDS_SHAREABLE_NAME = /usr/lib64/libodbc.so           ## 该参数值应该为unixodbc的lib包,如果配置为mysql odbc的lib包，查询时会报错ORA-28500
HS_NLS_NCHAR = UCS2
HS_LANGUAGE=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8    ## 两边数据库的字符集都为utf8
set ODBCINI=/etc/odbc.ini
#HS_LANGUAGE = AMERICAN_AMERICA.WE8ISO8859P15
set LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib64/

5、编辑监听文件

[oracle@t12c admin]$ vi listener.ora 
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
        (GLOBAL_DBNAME =STU_DGMGRL)
        (ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/app/product/12.2.0/db)
        (SID_NAME =stu12c)
    )
    (SID_DESC =
        (GLOBAL_DBNAME =stu12c)
        (ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/app/product/12.2.0/db)
        (SID_NAME =stu12c)
    )
    (SID_DESC =
        (SID_NAME =MYSQL)
        (OR服务器托管网ACLE_HOME = /oracle/app/product/12.2.0/db)
      (PROGRAM=dg4odbc)
      (ENVS=LD_LIBRARY_PATH="/usr/lib64: /oracle/app/product/12.2.0/db/lib")
    )
)

6、编辑$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

[oracle@t12c admin]$ vi tnsnames.ora 

MYSQL =
 (DESCRIPTION =
  (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.22.6)(PORT = 1521))
  (CONNECT_DATA =
  (SID = MYSQL)
  )
 (HS = OK)
 )

[oracle@t12c admin]$ lsnrctl reload

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 20-DEC-2022 19:55:19

Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.22.6)(PORT=1521)))
The command completed successfully
[oracle@t12c admin]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 20-DEC-2022 19:55:23

Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.22.6)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                20-DEC-2022 16:13:28
Uptime                    0 days 3 hr. 41 min. 54 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /oracle/app/product/12.2.0/db/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /oracle/app/diag/tnslsnr/t12c/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.22.6)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "MYSQL" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "MYSQL", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "PG" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "PG", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "STU_DGMGRL" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "stu12c", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "destdb" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "stu12c", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "df66fa250c1347e7e0530616a8c0b8a4" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "stu12c", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "e7fa5abedc356516e0530616a8c06294" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "stu12c", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "stat_test" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "stu12c", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "stu12c" has 2 instance(s).
  Instance "stu12c", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
  Instance "stu12c", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "stu12cXDB" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "stu12c", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "stu12c_CFG" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "stu12c", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "stu12c_DGB" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "stu12c", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully


[oracle@t12c admin]$ tnsping MYSQL

TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 20-DEC-2022 19:55:45

Copyright (c) 1997, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Used parameter files:
/oracle/app/product/12.2.0/db/network/admin/sqlnet.ora


Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.22.6)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = MYSQL)) (HS = OK))
OK (0 msec)


SQL> create public database link mysql_link connect to "lanmc" identified by "lanmc123" using 'mysql';

Database link created.


SQL> select * from "t1"@mysql;

       id1        id2
---------- ----------
      3333       6412

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